How Roosevelt and His New Deal Prolonged the Great Depression Essay Example for Free

How Roosevelt and His New Deal Prolonged the Great Depression Essay Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the 32nd leader of the United States of America. His residency ran from 1933 to 1945. Franklin Roosevelt was conceived in 1882 at Hyde Park, New York City. He went to the esteemed Harvard University under the steady gaze of continuing to Columbia Law School. President Franklin got hitched to Eleanor Roosevelt in 1905. Franklin Roosevelt went into open help through legislative issues as an individual from the Democrat Party. In 1910, Franklin Roosevelt won the senate situate and turn into the representative of New York. A couple of years after the decisions, Franklin was named associate secretary of the naval force by President Woodrow Wilson. In 1920, he was assigned by the democrats for to be there VP. In 1932, Franklin Roosevelt was chosen leader of the United States of America. Heale states that the Americans were not content with the disappointments of President Hoover. President Hoover neglected to mediate and help spare the American economy from the downturn. The American residents were along these lines prepared for change (2007). Since they see Franklin Roosevelt as the most reasonable up-and-comer with the characteristics that they wanted, they casted a ballot him into administration. His fantastic and superb fills in as a representative settled on him the most ideal decision for Democrats presidential competitor. By March 1933, America was hit by the most noticeably terrible financial downturn. In excess of thirteen million were rendered jobless and almost all organizations and business banks shut their activities. On watching this, President Franklin Roosevelt defined the 100 Days Program which was planned to bring back the once magnificent American economy back to typical. His proposition, The New Deal, which was instituted by the US Congress too, was intended to restore the major monetary divisions of United States, particularly the assembling, business and agrarian enterprises. The extraordinary sorrow hit America following the accident of the Wall Street in October 1929. As a legislative head of New York, Franklin put forth exhausting attempts to help the individuals who were jobless. As indicated by Leuchtenburg, President Franklin accepted that the incredible sorrow came about because of low creation in the rural and modern parts, inconsistent conveyance of riches, acts of neglect in the budgetary area just as global monetary circumstances (2004). The New Deal proposition was to carry help to joblessness. It was intended to help the individuals who gambled losing their homes and ranch estates. The New Deal was to bring new changes, for instance, through foundation of the Tennessee Valley Authority. By mid 1935, US had accomplished impressive measure of monetary recuperation from the downturn. Hoverer, increasingly more agents and brokers were betraying Franklin’s New Deal program. As indicated by Norton and others, the investors and agents dreaded President Franklin’s political and financial analyses (Norton et al., 2011). In the changes programs, President Franklin recommended that the Federal Government was to give satisfactory standardized savings to its residents. The well off individuals were to be burdened intensely. Banks and other open utilities were to be put under new controls by the national government. He further proposed tremendous work reliefs for the jobless. After his re-appointment in 1936, President Franklin detailed constitution laws that empowered the national government to lawfully manage the economy. In his New Deal proposition, Franklin Roosevelt looked for through lack of bias enactments that would keep United States of America out of war with Europe. Be that as it may, when the Pearl Harbor was assaulted by Japanese in 1941, President Franklin diverted all the assets of the country towards worldwide war with Japan, during the Second World War. During his administration, America was hit by the most exceedingly terrible financial downturn at any point found in its history. As indicated by Leuchtenburg, Franklin helped Americans recapture expectation and confidence in themselves during the incredible gloom (20004). Depiction of the New Deal As per Heale, the New Deal was a comprehensive succession programs that were structured and authorized by US Congress and marked by President Franklin Roosevelt to battle the incredible wretchedness through guaranteeing fitting techniques for improving the social and financial status of the American individuals (2007). Through the New Deal, American ranchers were given the Agricultural Adjustment Act which enriched ranchers with assets for farming exercises. The National Industrial Recovery Act (NRA) was figured to help in guideline reasonable rivalry inside the assembling and exchange ventures. Moreover, the New Deal gave Americans aggregate haggling power. Different state associations, for example, the Public Works Administration (PWA), which was commanded to develop open vehicle framework, for example, streets and railroad lines and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) which gave re-protection administrations to banks were made. Thus, President Franklin made the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) which was intended to give route administrations, produce hydroelectric force just as controlling flood in the Tennessee River Valley. TVA was additionally liable for territorial development and improvement of the Tennessee River Valley. As per Leuchtenburg, Tennessee River Valley was the least fortunate locale in America during that time and in this way President Franklin’s activity to initiate local improvement in the territory was fantastic and critical to Tennessee individuals (2004). So as to check high paces of joblessness, President Franklin induced an uncommon work program through the New Deal proposition in which jobless residents were to perform different assignments to help in preservation and assurance of the earth. The program, which was named Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), empowered its individuals to plant trees, help in depleting swamps that would somehow or another be bearing locales for in testinal sickness causing mosquitoes, restocking of waterways with fish to build fish creation and different undertakings that were coordinated towards natural protection. As per Heale, President Franklin’s New Deal carried more advantages to the American individuals through improvement undertakings and projects that were custom fitted towards making openings for work (2007). This enormously helped in lightening neediness and annihilating the sufferings of the American individuals after US was hit by the extraordinary despondency. Leuchtenburg attests that the New Deal comprised of two stages. The principal stage comprised of change programs that were custom-made towards recuperation from impacts of the extraordinary wretchedness by supporting business and agrarian exercises (2004). These projects were to help in guideline costs, lessening expansion rates and production of openings for work through expanded open works. Then again, the subsequent stage was to give enactments to controlling social and financial development and improvement. Through such enactments, tremendous numbers were focused to profit by the endeavor of president Franklin activities. As per student of history Thomas A. Bailey, the New Deal concentrated on the three R’s of financial development and advancement, in particular; Relief, Reform and Recovery. He further clarify that this three things of the New Deal involved giving alleviation to poor people and jobless residents of US, recouping the economy for the effects of the extraordinary discouragement and in conclusion, changing the monetary area of the to forestall further financial downturn (Norton et al., 2011). Analysis of the New Deal Despite the fact that the New Deal was heartily gotten by numerous Americans, including worker's guilds, minority bunches just as human rights associations, it got an assortment of brutal reactions. The significant rivals of the New Deal were government officials structure the Republican Party. Republicans contradicted the New Deal asserting that President Franklin was abusing open assets. They charged the president for superfluously expanding open spending. They likewise asserted that the president was manhandling the workplace of the president by concentrating the intensity of the official government inside a couple of individuals. Financiers, businesspersons and rich Americans additionally blamed President Franklin for forcing high assessments on them. They accepted that the high duties were corrective in nature and superfluous. Rosenbaum and Bartelme recommend that despite the fact that President Franklin confronted solid restriction against his New Deal, he set out to restore the American citizens’ trust in him by expanding his arrangements (2009). For example, he proposed an enactment that would put off bosses from meddling with worker's guilds. Likewise, he presented the government benefits just as joblessness protections plans so as to help the individuals who not utilized. End Despite the fact that President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal got extraordinary resistance, it established solid financial and social arrangements for the American individuals. Its enactments are as yet unblemished and utilized in the current America. Through the Federal Reserve System, numerous banks are today steady and crowd less cash. The New Deal forced new guidelines and guidelines that help crash degenerate dealings in the American financial frameworks. Today, singular stores are sheltered and secure because of the guidelines that were forced by President Franklin in his New Deal programs. This has been accomplished through the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). Moreover, through the New Deal, President Franklin Roosevelt had the option to achieve balance among people at the working environment. At first, ladies were sidelined in the work environment. In any case, through a New Deal program named Works Progress Administration, ladies and men were given equivalent business openings with the national government. In my view, this aided in wiping out working environment victimization ladies. Moreover, it additionally helped in expanding the complete pay accessible for family consumpti

Investment Portfolio an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

Speculation Portfolio Presentation Need article test on Speculation Portfolio theme? We will compose a custom article test explicitly for you Continue In the universal monetary field, worldwide portfolio persification assumes a prevailing job. In any case, this specific venture vehicle of worldwide speculations has not taken off and there has not been an adequate clarification with respect to the explanations behind such wretched execution of the universal portfolio in the complete speculation range. As has been examined and finished up by numerous researchers and creators of a few scholarly works, inpiduals don't support a lot of making their interests in remote resources, along these lines persifying the dangers of speculations over the nations. They hold excessively little of their riches in remote resources, substantially less than that anticipated by the traditional hazard return portfolio balance models. Anyway universal portfolio persification has for quite some time been pushed as a viable method to accomplish higher hazard balanced returns than household speculation alone. It might be noticed that to the degree various nations are liable to stuns, worldwide persification encourages chance sharing among worldwide financial specialists .With this foundation, this paper investigations the impact of universal portfolio persification on a speculation portfolio. The paper while analyzing the accessible elective speculation vehicles, additionally clarifies the utilization of subsidiary protections in upgrading a portfolios execution. Universal Portfolio persification and Investment Portfolio: The advantages of universal portfolio persification vary across nations from the viewpoint of a nearby speculator. It has been discovered that the advantages of putting abroad are bigger for speculators in creating nations. For such financial specialists, the estimation of their interests in crosscountry stocks and protections gets upgraded by the impacts of positive money vacillations. The vast majority of the advantages are acquired from contributing outside the area of the nation of origin. These worldwide persification benefits stay enormous while controlling for short-deals limitations in creating securities exchanges. (Joost Driessen) and Luc Laeven 2005) Individuals Usually Tell EssayLab support: Who needs to compose task for me? Exposition author experts prompt: Writing Essay Papers Is Easier With Us Best Essay Writing Service Write Essays For Money Hire People To Write Papers Writing Services The legislatures of various countries frequently place limitations in the speculations by the Institutional speculators in the remote nations. Anyway with the approach of globalization this pattern has changed in the ongoing past and there has been an adjustment in the viewpoint of various nations regarding the worldwide ventures. Indeed, even without such limitations the financial specialist commonly would put a lot of their cash in household stocks as it were. This purported home-predisposition of budgetary resources has been concentrated by a few researchers to distinguish the potential purposes for such speculation choices. (Dark 1974) Out of the different investigations regarding the matter the accompanying circumstances develop There is considerable local and worldwide persification benefits for household speculators notwithstanding the way that the financial specialists can't short sell stocks in creating nations The advantages of global portfolio persification are bigger for creating nations comparative with created nations. Elective Investment Vehicles: Supporting assets can be taken a gander at as elective speculation vehicles in the global venture field. The low connection between's speculative stock investments' exhibition and the market's good and bad times is the primary motivation behind why such assets are esteemed as exchange venture vehicles. They basically misuse advertise wasteful aspects, utilizing long or short situations to balance showcase dangers. (Darrell Duffie 2001) Supporting assets are private venture vehicles and have more opportunity and adaptability than shared finances which speak to the more typical type of pooled speculation. In addition supporting assets are excluded from different enlistment and exposure necessities in US protections laws. Venture guides caution that this more prominent opportunity likewise sums to a more serious danger of misrepresentation, particularly as the quantity of assets duplicates. Aside from the supporting subsidizes subsidiaries can likewise be considered as elective speculation vehicles. Subordinate Securities and Performance of the Investment Portfolio: Subordinates have been a growing and questionable element of the money related markets since the late 1980s. They are utilized by a wide scope of producers and speculators to oversee chance. The subordinates assume an exceptionally overwhelming job in the venture portfolio the board. The estimation of the subordinates is reflected or gotten from the money related item or instrument hidden the fates or alternatives contract which are broadly known as subsidiaries. There is no exchange of proprietorship. Rather an agreement illuminates the terms under which the fundamental item or instrument is to be bought or sold some date later on. Subsidiaries are perplexing ventures. Additions or misfortunes rely upon forecasts of the short-or mid-term future development of the market for the basic item or instrument. Buys are regularly on edge, fundamentally expanding the danger of losing capital. (Article on subordinates) In this way subordinates are budgetary instruments with a pace of return or worth that is resolved from some hidden security, ware or resource. Choices, fates and trades are the most well-known subsidiaries. Numerous subsidiaries are recorded and exchanged on open trades, for example, the Chicago Board of Trade or the New York Stock Exchange. Other most tweaked and complex subordinates are haggled straightforwardly between money related foundations and their clients. Subordinates as a speculation portfolio is reasonable just to those associations that both raise capital and put assets in the money related markets face hazard, chance that unfavorable market moves will diminish the estimation of their ventures (John M. Aderholdt and Robert H. Rasmussen 1996) On the other hand, the supervisor of an association's speculation portfolio, stressed over the chance of sharp decreases in the estimation of the association's possessions, may look for a productive type of protection against showcase downturns and would put resources into the subsidiaries. End: Structure the previous conversation; it becomes apparent that there are unmistakable favorable circumstances of a financial specialist in the creating nations for making his speculation portfolio as a globally persified one. Essentially the supporting assets can be utilized as an elective speculation portfolio as likewise the subsidiaries. In any case, subsidiaries as a venture portfolio works more as a protection against any conceivable future misfortunes foreseen by increment in loan fees or for some other explanation. References: Dark, F 1974. Global capital market balance with venture boundaries: Journal of Financial Economics Vol 1, pp 337-352. Darrell Duffie 2001 Using Hedge Funds as Alternative Investment Vehicles Research Paper from Stanford Graduate School of Business [Online] Available From http://www.gsb.stanford.edu/news/look into/finance_hedgefunds.shtml Accessed on 05th March 2007 John M. Aderholdt and Robert H. Rasmussen 1996 Using subordinates to support against the unforeseen - incorporates related article Healthcare Financial Management [Online] Available From http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3257/is_n2_v50/ai_18711050 Accessed on 05th March 2007 Joost Driessen and Luc Laeven 2005 International Portfolio persification Benefits: Cross-Country Evidence from a Local Perspective University of Amsterdam [Online] Available From http://www1.fee.uva.nl/pp/container/196fulltext.pdf Accessed on 05th March 2007

Individual and Society: The Royal Family :: Essays Papers

Individual and Society: The Royal Family How was it to be viewed as the most honorable gathering of individuals in a country as significant and immense as England? The most impressive places of the illustrious family were the lord and sovereign obviously, contingent upon who had the crown around then. At the point when one turned into the ruler he would acquire the entirety of the wealth and forces that join being the lord. If he somehow happened to wed a lady then she would turn out to be a piece of the imperial family, however not so much be a ruler with the lord. On the off chance that one were not part of the imperial family they could never carry on with the breathtaking life they lived. The ruler and sovereign could show their capacity through open executions, making new laws, and their capacity to do anything they desired to. The regal family changed the course of history by realizing new religions, hypotheses, the English Reformation, the changing of limits, partaking in the Enlightenment, and endless different thin gs. The regal family was realized in the mid-1000’s when King Edward the Peaceful was delegated at Bath. Numerous Viking attacks and King Ethelred’s shortcoming to be a ground-breaking lord constrained him out of the government, and his child, Canute, assumed responsibility for the country. Ruler Canute made England the core of his Scandinavian Empire and was appreciated by all he dominated. At the point when Canute kicked the bucket and his stepson, Edward, at that point took the honored position mixing numerous conventions since he was not initially from England. After Edward’s passing and Harold of Norway was executed in fight, the primary unmistakably significant ruler of the imperial family dominated, William I began the main significant family in sovereignty, the Normans. After the Normans finished there were six additional administrations of families to lead England at once or another. The following of these was the Angevin Empire which began the timeframe whe n the English government turned into the principal European capacity to work out an idea of government, the network of the domain, which fundamentally expanded investment in government and adjusted the connections among lord and subject (Plumb 58). The other five families- - the Plantagenets, the House of Lancaster, the House of York, the Tudors, and the Stuarts - were critical during their time yet constantly period being contemplated. The primary domain that manages Western development after 1715 is The House of Hanover, which begins in 1714 with King George I.

Anthropology Mid-Term Primary Characteristics of Culture - 2475 Words

Anthropology Mid-Term: The Primary Characteristics of Culture (Term Paper Sample) Content: Anthropology mid-termNameInstitutionAbstractCulture is a way of life of a group of people and includes beliefs, knowledge, ideas, morals, art, customs, and laws. Social scientists agree that culture is made up of patterns that are implicit and explicit for and of behavior implying that it is acquired by man in his day to day activities then transmitted through symbols. Social scientists agree that the core element of culture is the ideas that have been passed down through history and the values have been attached to these ideas. The systems of culture, on the other hand, are considered by social scientists to be a result of manà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s actions, hence, they are conditioned to further actions (Heider, 1997). This particular essay shall explain culture and further discus the concept of culture and examine how human collective practices, social roles, beliefs, and local institutions influence the patterns of production, distribution and consumption across different so cial groups.Anthropology mid-termThe primary characteristics of CultureThe main and most crucial characteristic of culture is the fact that it is not genetically passed on from one generation to another, but rather through learning. Culture can be shared both in and out of a particular society. New members of a society learn the cultural ways of that particular society through sharing. Additionally, new-born children learn the culture ways of their society through sharing as they grow up. Human beings place ideas and values in artifacts and in turn, these ideas direct his behavior. For example, a traffic sign with the word STOP written on it implies that an individual should stop. There is a close connection between ideas and acts, hence, patterns of behavior are solely based on ideas. By critically analyzing the film "Seeing Anthropology" that was based on the research conducted by Ronald a trained Anthropologist and psychologist, the following concepts about culture were identifie d.The Startle reflexIn this particular section, Ronald C. was trying to identify the link between culture and biology. For a long period of time, the startle reflex in Malaysia has always fascinated a lot of Anthropologists. It is true to state that there is a biological basis for the syndrome, however, it has been noted that different groups exhibit different intensities of the syndrome with some exhibiting extreme conditions. Some cultures do not pay special attention to those with the syndrome, for example, the United States of America (U.S.A), while others like the Peninsula Malays hold stereotyped patterns, judgmental, moral, and folk explanations to the syndrome, and this contributes greatly to the cultural construction of the syndrome (Montgomery, 2011). According to Ronald, from the etic perspective, the syndrome plays a particular function in society. In Malaysia, the syndrome allows individuals receive special attention. Those with the syndrome are the powerless and weak m embers of society, for example, the old, those with no relatives, widows, and orphans. From the emic perspective, it is evident that if an individual got constantly teased, he or she would assume a startle as a defense mechanism. A majority of women in Malaysia have the syndrome as it is culturally perceived that it signifies the subordination of women to men and that such women are good at soul matters and reproductive roles. On the other hand, Men with the startle are considered weak and not very good at the productive roles. Therefore, despite the startle being genetically transferred, there is a close link between it and culture as well as other traits in relation to a societies beliefs and how they are held.Human collective practicesAnthropologists have gone an extra mile in exploring and examining human collective practices. In the film, there is a critical analysis of the Japanese culture. The Japanese culture has been chosen simply because of its cultural emphasis on group m entality and not individualism. It is true that each and every society is made up of individuals. According to the American culture, it is considered dominant for one to attain autonomy and not at all depend on others. Children from a young age are taught to become independent and when they are too dependent, concern is raised. However, in Japan, this notion of independence is not valued. According to the Japanese culture, individuals are taught to become dependent members of a group. There is a form of dependence in Japan that is not valued in other cultures that uphold independences such as the U.S.A, this dependence is referred to as Amae. Amae is a sort of dependence of guests to hosts, children to parents, and employees on bosses (Montgomery, 2011). This particular analysis illustrates how culture to a great extent influences collective practices in cultures. There are cultures that promote individualism, hence, shall have little or no human collective practices while those tha t promote the group mentality shall have a lot of collective human practices.Social roles and Division of laborCulture to a very great extent influences a societyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s social roles, as well as the patterns of in production, distribution, and consumption. It is true to state that in almost all societies, there is never a clear economic division of labor. However, the division of labor in most of them is based on other factors such as age and gender.AgeSince children take a long period of time to reach adulthood, much of their roles are assumed gradually. In Dani, with as early as 6 to 7 years of age, children here begin taking up some roles, for example, taking over the care and responsibility of infants (Liamputtong, 2007). And when they reach their mid teenage years, they are seen as adults and all take a share of the adult roles. This is very different to the American culture, where adulthood is extended even to the early twenties. Therefore, culture to a great extent influ ences the division of labor in all societies on the basis of age.GenderGender is another major contributing factor to the division of labor in all societies. No particular culture in the world assigns both males and females the same jobs. Men in most societies do the heavy jobs, labor that requires intense energy exertion, and finally, work that is very far from home. Women, on the other hand, handle jobs that are considered to be long lasting. For example, childbearing, home preparation, cultivation of land, and weaving. There is a biological basis for this division of labor. Men are stronger, especially in their upper bodies, hence, take up the productive roles and women the reproductive roles. Therefore, gender is one of the determining factors to the patterns of the division of labor in a society.Identity and its importanceLanguageThe most important feature of culture is language. It is through language that individuals get identified. The language you speak as well as the way y ou speak it greatly contributes to your identity. From the ethnography, it is easy to trace out a per-World War One song that sought to identify the British into a particular class due to the English they spoke. Before the American civil wars, the American government wanted to strip the Indians off culture, and the weapon they used was to prohibit the use of native languages in schools. Therefore, culture is a form of identity to societies and language aids in identification.SymbolsParticular aspects of culture are symbolic. The language itself consists of a large number of symbols all of which give meaning. It is true to state that there is a direct connection between symbols and what they represent or identify. For example, the leaf of a maple tree identifies Canada and a broken crucifix represents the NAZI.DistributionAdditionally, the film also critically analyzes the distribution and mechanisms of exchange in societies. Here, anthropologists put a lot of emphasis on the distrib ution and consumption patterns. All societies have different manners through which they produce food as well as other tools and goods. However, anthropologist state that these methods only differed in detail but not in terms of principle. For example, the sharing of food. By critically analyzing the ethnographic film on the Trobriandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s in the Trobriand Islands, the major function of giving gifts was to forge the bonds between communities in the islands. However, it is important to note that similar practices serve other functions elsewhere. When it comes to food, during the dry seasons, having food that would be enough for every member of a household would be hard to achieve so sharing of food would be done with the perception that food given shall one day be returned. Among the members of the community, it was one way to safeguard themselves against the coming bad times commonly referred to the social refrigerator. Food, tools, as well as other goods, were also distribute d in marriages for exchange. In modern societies, marriage is considered as a union between two individuals, however, in a majority of societies such as the Trobriand Island societies, marriages were considered as unions between two groups and in turn it unites them.ReciprocityThe film also critically analyses both negative and balanced reciprocity in relation to the distribution of food, tools, and goods.Balanced ReciprocityBalanced reciprocity is noted mainly among groups or communities that are distant apart geographically or do not closely match socially. The Kula ring in the Trobriand Island was a two-way economic system in the villages and in ceremonies men of the villages would present gifts which would some other time get reciprocated a process referred to as generalized reciprocity. The others, on the other hand, would bring gifts which would be unceremoniously de...

Das Wei SS E Band Eine Deutsche Kindergeschichte

Das weiße Band: Eine deutsche Kindergeschichte (2009), directed by Michael Haneke, encourages the viewer to contemplate the myriads ways in which power can corrupt the very essence of humanity and what it means to question authority. Focusing on the fictional town of Eichwald â€Å"in the Protesant North of East Germany in the early twentieth century,† the film weaves a tale â€Å"that lift[s] the diegetic action out of its immediate sociohistorical context, stripping it of its temporal and topographical coordinates† (Blumenthal-Barby, 95). Das weiße Band, therefore, becomes an allegory that attempts to transcend the ages, causing the viewer to think on and discuss the role of violence in any society, in Europe or elsewhere. An important aspect of the economies of power, as evidenced in the film, is that of education. Blumenthal-Barby argues, The most prominent â€Å"disciplinary† discourse in Haneke’s film undoubtedly is that of education, including the work of the Schoolteacher, whose voice-over guides us through much of the film, but also the rigid educational regime enforced by the Pastor and symbolized by the white ribbon that he ties around his children’s arms or into their hair (96). Education as a manipulative tool, exemplified by Nazi propaganda as envisioned by Joseph Goebbels, is not a novel idea. Moreover, this rigorous ideal of education plays an important role in both Haneke’s Das weiße Band—in the form of religion—and Rothemund’s Sophie Scholl: Die letzten Tage. In the

Prayer in William Faulkners Light in August Essays

I decline to accept the end of man...I believe that man will not merely endure: he will prevail. He is immortal, not because he alone among creatures has an inexhaustible voice, but because he has a soul, a spirit capable of compassion and sacrifice and endurance. -William Faulkner, Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech, 1949 William Faulkner illustrates many dimensions of prayer in Light in August: his characters avoid it, abuse it, embrace it, and blame it. In every case, Faulkner portrays prayers power on the psyche. His fictional world seems Godless, yet his characters struggle to prevail through prayer. Joanna Burden, Gail Hightower, and Joe Christmas exemplify three different approaches to prayer.†¦show more content†¦A short time later, Faulkner notes that Joanna is resisting this urge: Im not ready to pray yet, she admits aloud, Dear God, let me be damned a little longer, a little while (264). This, her first prayer, remains her most honest; in fact, it is one of the most poignant prayers of the novel. She confesses to a human impulse that few articulate: the desire to sin now and be saved later. She wants to believe in Christmas concept of a life of healthy and normal sin but deep down, she knows sin is detrimental (Faulkner 260). In asking her Creator for a little more damnation, she stumbles upon her latent longing to create. But this burst of fervor fades when she is forced to confront reality: her pregnancy and her unstable relationship with Christmas. She cannot afford to prolong her damnation, so Joanna reverts to her old self, lecturing her lover on his need to attend law school and urging him to repent (Brooks 90). Her old self is tainted by her fathers racist doctrine and it poisons her attempts to serve blacks (Brooks 88). That poisoned childhood surfaces when she kneels to pray the second time, speaking only in the symbolwords she has been taught (Faulkner, 280). Faulkners compound word indicates that Joannas prayer stands for something else but is empty at the core. The words do not come from her heart, but from her mind, recalling what she has been taught. Twice, Faulkner uses the words abjectness and prideShow MoreRelated William Faulkners Use of Shakespeare Essay5388 Words   |  22 PagesWilliam Faulkners Use of Shakespe are Throughout his career William Faulkner acknowledged the influence of many writers upon his work--Twain, Dreiser, Anderson, Keats, Dickens, Conrad, Balzac, Bergson, and Cervantes, to name only a few--but the one writer that he consistently mentioned as a constant and continuing influence was William Shakespeare. Though Faulkner’s claim as a fledgling writer in 1921 that â€Å"[he] could write a play like Hamlet if [he] wanted to† (FAB 330) may be dismissed as

Ethics Of Commitment To Net Neutrality- MyAssignment Help

Question: Discuss about the Ethics of Commitment to Net Neutrality. Answer: Introduction European Union has passed a regulation Regulation (EU) 2015/2120 for maintaining of net neutrality which is likely to benefit the Digital Single market. This would allow individuals to access as well as distribute internet content as per their choice. As per the EU rule, same internet usage provisions would be applied to all the individuals across Europe. The law restricts vendors from blocking, throttling, and discrimination of online services, application and content(Berleur Poullet, What Governance and Regulations for the Internet? Ethical Issues, 2002). Thus, internet service providers would not be able to prioritize the traffic or take decisions on who is to be provided certain service or who would be blocked. As per the law, specialized services have to satisfy certain quality requirements and safety measures for protection of users. Specialized services would not substitute internet service but would only be provided when sufficient network capacity exists. It should not in any case affect the availability of internet(Berleur, ETHICS AND Modes of GOVERNANCE of the Internet, 2009). TO enforce the regulation on the vendors, National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) would be monitoring the developments in the market on traffic management, service quality, and other commercial agreements. Users have to be provided with open internet access service of good quality(Kjellqvist, 2011). Specific guidelines would be formulated by The Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC) to assist NRA is assessing the inter aliaagreements, specialised services details, and commercial practices information such that common benchmarks could be developed and required enforcement decisions could be made(EU, 2016). Classical ethical theories There are certain classical ethical theories that may be used for analysis of the case such as: Moral absolutism which says that there are absolute standards that could be used for judging morality and efforts to be made by humans to attain higher standards. The theory considers certain actions as wrong and crime is considered as a crime regardless of different views. Consequentialism demand action to be judged on the basis of effect and total of good actions must exceed the total of evil. Good consequences suggest that the action is ethical as per this theory(SINGER, 1999) Utilitarianism defines certain essentials of utilities like maximization of good, provision of value through best outcome. According to this theory, business must consider everyone using their services as stakeholders(Baugher Weisbord, 2006). Virtue ethics identify disposition of an organization that should allow organization to do good to people, make use of their powers to do good, and practice good habits that will form the virtue of the business. Application of Theory The article talks about the practice of ethical codes on regulation on the internet through the practice of net neutrality. Ethical regulation of internet is possible only with a framework that protects the rights of individuals using internet and create rules for their security. To be able to protect the rights of the individuals using internet, net neutrality plays a crucial role(Astier, 2005). In case of its absence, network operators would use their discretion to create differentiation on services based on the payments made by users. For instance, internet user who is subscribing to free services may be faced with the lowered internet bandwidth or sow loading of the website on the pages. With the net neutrality rules established for regulation, the law ensures that all the individuals can enjoy same level of services and same quality as it demands all hosts to be treated equally(Chung Xing, 2011). When applying the classical theories of ethics like moral absolutism, Consequentialism, Utilitarianism, and virtue ethics certain interpretations on the article can be made: As per moral absolutism, high standards of morality must be maintained and as per the directive of EU, these standards are demanded through net neutrality by providing same level of quality to all individuals using internet services irrespective of their form of subscription. As per Consequentialism, an action is considered ethical when it has good consequences. The consequences of net neutrality would be good for all the individuals as they would be able to enjoy equal quality of service without any discrimination done against them for any reasons. Utilitarianism says that organizations should provide best standards of services to all users considering them all important stakeholders. Adhering to this principle, the EU la on net neutrality seeks defined level of qualities of services that the vendors must provide when providing internet services to their users. Virtue ethics identify good acts, good use of power and good habits to be used by organizations. In the net neutrality directive, this ethical standard is being considered by understanding the fact that if no governance was provided then companies providing internet and other communication services can actually misuse their power by blocking services for those who cant afford high costs and this way they can either block their services or can reduce their speeds. Net neutrality objects to this and prevents users from practicing these. Thus, most of the ethical principles defined in the theories discussed were positively adhered to in the net neutrality directive. However, there are more theories that can be contradictory or different from these ethical codes and thus, were not explored in the paper. These included Kantian ethics, Deontological theories, non-consequential theories, pragmatism and so on. The paper explored only those classical theories that the directive positively adhered to but there are certain ethical theories that actually contradict these principles and thus, it is difficult to determine which would be the right theory to use when making such decisions about ethical practices. For instance, pragmatists believe that goodness is decided by the profit generated out of the action. If this theory is applied in the case then net neutrality would actually stop vendors from gaining profits and thus, would be against the directive. Conclusions The report analysed the EU directive for net neutrality against the classical ethical principles like moral absolutism, Consequentialism, Utilitarianism, and virtue ethics. It was found that these ethical principles were considered and were supported by the EU directive for net neutrality through assurance of equal levels of internet services for public usage and provision of good quality services meeting a level of standard for these users. However, certain theories like pragmatism can actually oppose the ideas of net neutrality. References Astier, S. (2005). Ethical regulation of the Internet: the challenges of global governance. Sage Journals, 133-150. Baugher, D., Weisbord, E. (2006). Egoism, Justice, Rights, And Utilitarianism: Student Views Of Classic Ethical Positions In Business . Journal Of Academic And Business Ethics , 1-11. Berleur, J. (2009). Ethics And Modes Of Governance Of The Internet. University Faculties of Notre-Dame de la Paix. Berleur, J., Poullet, Y. (2002). What Governance and Regulations for the Internet? Ethical Issues. IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, 169-191. Chung, A., Xing, C. (2011). The Ethics of Net Neutrality. UC Davis. (2016, September 14). Our commitment to net neutrality. Retrieved from Digital Single Market: https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/open-internet-net-neutrality Kjellqvist, H. (2011). Ethically Regulating the Internet. Mlardalen University. SINGER, P. (1999). Practical Ethics . United States of America: Monash University.

The Scenerio of Music Industry in Bangladesh free essay sample

But popular forms Of music like folk, Rabin Shanghai,Unusual Shanghai etc are goosing popularity and also loosing quality listeners day by day as most of us do not get the chance to know or learn this forms of music. Still there is a group of people who are still practicing these traditional forms of music and trying to keep this forms alive. But they are not bigger in number then the modern crowd who are addicted to the new wave of music. At present people are listening to modern,pop,band music with western influence and Hindi movie songs. So, the music scenario in Bangladesh is changing. This paper is written to give some reviews and news about the forms of music which are getting popular to the people of Bangladesh and bringing vital changes in the music sector. I think this little afford of mine can make you aware of the present music scenario in Bangladesh. We will write a custom essay sample on The Scenerio of Music Industry in Bangladesh or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Modern Music: Modern music literally means Addenda Egan. Although, to outsiders, this may seem an extremely ambiguous way of nomenclature, it has particular motivations.In the period just before Indian independence (Bengal, under British rule, was a part of one massive India that does not exactly correspond to the India of current day), several new minor musical groups emerged, mainly as playback songs for movies. These songs failed to fit into any particular genre, but mimed to be tied together by common theme of music for the masses. Most of the music tended to be aimed at the mainstream audience popular catchy tunes with simple words that were far moved from the classical ragas (modes). Hence, a miscellaneous category, Addenda songfest, was created, since, at that time, this music was modern.Although over time these so-called modern songs have become fairly old, they continue to be called by the same name. Interestingly, this group of song has grown faster than any other, since it is a miscellaneous category that can accommodate anything that fails to fit elsewhere. The common theme continues to exist. So, although the nomenclature itself might not be as insightful, the genre itself is still well-defined. Though this tradition of music has began its journey for such a long time,still it is producing a numerous number of listeners and still remained as one of the most popular forms of music. Among the main contributors to Addenda songfest were several singers from both West Bengal and Bangladesh. The list can never be completed, but some of the more prolific (and better known) female from Bangladesh are Run Leila, Shania Ramshackle, Sabina Yakima, Shakily Safari, Simian Chowder, Kane Chap etc and better known male artists are Abdul Jabber, Kurdish Lam, Basher Aimed, Seed Abdul Had, Mundane-nab(deceased) Suburbia And, Andrew Shore, Khalids Has Mill(deceased) etc. Most of these creative and qualified artists emerged In early asss.Some of them are active in the music industry from early asss. For a very long time, Addenda Egan played the same role that pop currently plays in the Western World. It was the easy-to-follow and simple song that was fit for people of all age and occupation. It continues to be the most important music among middle-class, white collar Bangladesh families to this day. Modern music and western influence: In the post-independence period, Addenda songfest continued to attract large proportioned of music enthusiasts. However, with time, newer generations demanded more upbeat music.Starting late asss, music involving political theme have started to gain popularity once again, in a similar fashion to growth of Unusual get had gained popularity during the revolution against the British Monarch and the War of Independence of Bangladesh. Groom this incidents and sources modern music was modified with the use of western instruments like guitar,keyboard,drums,bass etc and brought a new genre of music,pop which is fully recognized as western form of music. Genres like etc were similarly introduced in Bangladesh as people wanted more upgraded tunes and songs.Artists like Gamma Khan,Frizz Shah(deceased),Fakir Laming,Happy Khan(deceased),Kumar Biscuit,Andre Shore are still famous to a huge number Of audience for their creative style Of singing and unique compos itions. Pop And Fusion: Artists like etc have created some mixed melodies which have attracted a large number of listeners. They introduced another form of music which can be called fusion. Let is another genre of western music and it has gained a huge popularity. This songs are mainly pop based. This genre has mainly grown up with the use of technology which is not acceptable to many artists and listeners.Still they are producing some great tunes which are leading their way smoothly. Some of these artists have successfully released the mixed versions of some famous folk songs and created a great fusion which helped them obtain a huge support from their audience. They are the most successful artists of music entertainment today. Rock Music: Rock music began its journo in Bangladesh through some great bands in early asss. Lets one Of the most successful forms in Western music and also in Bangladesh. Here Im going to give some definition about rock music though the point Band Music written below.Band Music: The popularity of band music was started enormously with the music of some famous band groups which had some mixed flavor of our melody with Western stream. This bands were mainly rock based. Some of the best known bands of the era are Souls, Obscure, Feed Back, Chime, Different Touch, Renaissance, L. R. B, Feelings, Miles, Winning etc. Some of these bands are still active. They are one of most popular bands of Rock music brought a revolutionary change in the history of music in Bangladesh. This genre of music has build a strong position in Bangle music community.Bangle rock was started by Gamma Khan, Miles and LORE. Hosannas (associated with Ark) and James (Far Manful Nana) (associated with Feelings and, later, Mongo Babul) contributed in popularizing rock music. However, hard-rock did not begin until arrival of bands like Aristocrats, and later Warfare among many others in the early ass. Bangladesh rock scene has evolved into two distinct categories. Mainstream Underground Mainstream: Current day rock and metal bands have progressed a long way from the initiators of the genre in Bangladesh.Deeply influenced by the progressive rock music of the West, and with the latest technology and equipments at their disposal, many of the new rock musicians are trying to develop their own identity and style instead of following western bands. Some of the best known mainstream bands are Ark, Orthicon, Black, Article ,Bangle, In Dacha, Nemesis, Magna Babul, Aristocrats, Stanchions, Warfare etc. Underground: This is a form that has created a new breed of musicians and audience. Mostly popular to young generation,this form Of music is getting famous and creating a new wave of listeners who loves more and more upgraded compositions and tunes.Genres like rock and metal has produced a huge number of sub-genres which are followed by many famous and new bands present this is the most popu lar form music to the new generation. Many underground bands like Article, Black,Nemesis etc has became famous to a huge number of audience and gained their position as mainstream bands. The new generation is getting addicted to underground music day by day because it has so many sub-ogres from which a listener can choose which type of music suits him IR her the most and it also highlights the massive use of western instruments.All the underground bands or musicians are followers of famous western bands or artists though they have their own style of play. But underground bands are mostly metal based. This form of music has created a crowd of its own who will always keep supporting it. Through underground,another popular form of western music,Metal which is also known as extreme form of music has made a strong position in band music and music entertainment.Some of the notable underground bands now a days are Poison Green, Scarecrow, Reborn, Forbidden Truth, Cryptic Fate, Power Surge, Kraal, Gene-Split, Severe Dementia, M echanic, Satanic, Fetus, Did-illumination, Urban Fictions, Flamed, Mirror Blaze, Cynosure etc. What Can We See? : There has been some revolutionary changes in the music sector of Bangladesh in last 2 or 3 decades-Western music is getting popular to each and everyone which is not a good sign and a great threat for our own lute-The new generation are mostly getting addicted to band,fusion and hip-hop music.Normal people are listing to western music because it has a different taste and its own style of play. It has a large variety of genres and sub-genres from which a listener can easily choose which type if music suits him or her most. There is a large number of people who only listen to English or Hindi songs and dont even bother about his or her own tradition. Bangle music is loosing its own audience and listeners. Traditional forms of Bangle music are still alive to a small group of people but not in everyones earth.Though genres like modern,rock,pop are still holds a large number of crowd,but its not enough. The new generation demands more and more upgraded tunes. Because of this our own traditional forms are loosing popularity day by day and young generation is listening to western music. So,we must restore the importance of our own cultural traditions in everyones heart and soul. We have to practice our traditional music as much as we can. We have to create similarity between our own traditional form of music and western music. We have to make our people aware of our culture ND the music tradition we have.

Slavery and Compromises essays

Slavery and Compromises essays The practice of slavery goes back to ancient time, but as it developed in the United States, the slave system was different. It was different in at least two ways which were the slaves in the United States had no legal rights and the By the 1800, slavery had increased greatly in the United States and was a main issue. It split the United States into two sides, one against slavery and the other was for slavery. The South was the slaves states and the North was the free slaves. Southerners had first defended slavery as a necessary evil. They began looking at it as a positive good. They declared that it was the economic mainstay of a whole region. They also argued that it offered protection for a race that could not provide for itself. They considered it a glorious thing that it was sanctioned by the Bible, and approved by God. The Northerners believed that there was a slave power conspiracy aimed at extending slavery to the whole United States. Many Southerners feared that their property would be seized by wild-eyed radicals who had no understanding of the Southern way of life. They considered African Americans as people and thought that they shouldnt be treated unfairly just based on the color of their skin. Abolitionist were blamed for starting up and attack caused by Nat Turner. Soon after this, abolitionist literature was no longer allowed to go through the mail in the South. Because of the tension among the Nation, the United States were about Before the Civil war there were two compromises that had been dealing with slavery. The compromises were the Missouri Compromise and the The Missouri Compromise allowed Maine to be admitted as a free state, Missouri being admitted as a slave state, and for slavery to be prohibited in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase north of latitude thirty six ...

Calorie restriction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Calorie restriction - Essay Example This understanding stemmed from direct experiences of the early homo-sapiens. Large-animal kills led to abundant food supply and consumption immediately after the kill and a period of fasting or restriction in food consumption after the food from the kill was exhausted. The period of restricted food consumption ended when the next large-animal kill occurred. This cycle of abundant food consumption and restricted food consumption led to the observation that abundant food consumption led to lethargy, while restricted food consumption provided the benefits of heightened alertness. Eating is a pleasurable experience and desisting from eating not an regimen to follow. Yet, at a time when alertness was critical to the hunting of food and protecting the members of the community, restricted food consumption was practiced among hunters and soldiers, so that their alertness was heightened increasing the chances of a successful hunt for the hunters and success in warding of attacks from the ene mies in the case of the soldiers (Mehta & Roth, 2009). The next step in the understanding of the benefits from restricted food consumption, prior to modern science, came from the spread of the early religions and the religious practices that called for fasting. Asceticism comprising of hard rigors including fasting became an extreme form of religious practice. Mehta & Roth, 2009, p.29, quoting Robert Thurman, define asceticism as â€Å"the impulse in human beings to attempt consciously to improve control over their habitual life processes, with a view to bettering their situation at least in a relative, and, if possible, in an ultimate way†. Remnants of asceticism as a religious practice continue even today among the general populace. Fasting is a continued practice among the followers of several religious faiths in the modern world. For example, the Muslims fast for forty days from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan, while the Christians observe restricted food consumption dur ing the Lenten period. Prior to the development of modern science, it was religion that provided a systematic means for humans to exert control over their human condition. It was also possible through established religions to communicate the observations, insights, and explanations throughout the populace and spanning generations. For instance, Ayurveda, the popular branch of cultural medicine practiced in India is steeped in such religious observations, insights and explanations, a part of it dealing with the quantum and quality of foods consumed Calorie restriction as a part of modern medical science has become more relevant in the modern world because of the abundance of food and the economic capacity to purchase and consume large quantities of food. Overeating and consumption of rich foods has become more the norm in daily life than a part of feasting during festive days of the yesteryears. As a consequence of the poor eating habits conditions and diseases associated with it lik e obesity and diabetes type 2, high serum cholesterol levels, high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease have become a bane of society. The beneficial impact of calorie restriction as a medical intervention on these conditions and diseases thus become more relevant to modern society than ever before (Delaney & Walford,

Joe chaney case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Joe chaney case - Assignment Example Likewise, it is possible for the manager to give employees some incentives for their hard work. By giving simple praise and monetary rewards, Joe can be motivated to improve his work performance and make Joe feel more satisfied with his work. Upon using the Performance Diagnostic Model, the cause of Joe’s performance problem includes: expectations and incentives problem. Joe is not motivated at work because he feels that he is being neglected by the architects because he do not have a degree in architecture and that he is only a draftsman in the company. In line with this, he stated that â€Å"no one around here respects my opinion† (Whetten and Cameron, p. 363). This is a clear sign that there is miscommunication between the manager, architects, and Joe. The lack of work incentives is also another problem that made Joe become less motivated. In line with this, Joe is not happy because his wife has to work in order to support the financial needs of his family (Whetten and Cameron, p. 363). Even though Joe is spending extra time and effort at work, he does not receive any additional monetary benefits to support the needs of his family. This makes Joe’s intrinsic outcome decline. To reshape Joe’s behavior, it is important for the manager reprimand the situation by knowing the main cause of Joe’s declining work performance. By knowing the main cause of his problem, the manager can easily develop strategies that could effectively address the main problem. To redirect Joe’s negative thoughts about being neglected or feeling less important at work, the manager should confront Joe about his declining work performance. During the discussion, the manager can express his support to Joe’s situation by giving praises for his previous outstanding work performance. This strategy will increase Joe’s feeling of being important and

Good citizen Essay Example for Free

Good citizen Essay A Good citizen is one who knows his rights and duties as a citizen to maintain his/her rights and perform duties with interest . political rights consist of rights to vote, right to freedom of expression, civil rights are of as vital importance as the political rights. A good citizen defend his political and civil rights very zealously the state help him in the threw of law and justice. Violation of the rights should be punished by the law. good citizen must remember that the right and duties are equal to every one . they must not have bad habits . A citizen free to organize his/ her life as he/she likes. but freedom doesnt mean a citizen can built a house any where . Even it does not mean the house are build in any way a citizen want. it must be built in a perfect way. A citizen cannot throw a garbage or refuse staff out of house any where he/ she likes to. It allows them to shout or make noise at midnight. if they get right to do it, it denies your neighbor rights to sleep properly. so a citizen must retain some discipline. as a good citizen a person have some responsibilities and duties toward the society. A good citizen must not let the poverty percentage higher and literacy percentage lower . A good citizen must have faith and trust on neighbor or society peoples, they should have care for each other when someone get ill or infected by some other diseases. He /She must not let any talent go to waste . it will be a lost for the society and country as well. A good citizen talk in a very well manner with everyone and respect the law and government officer who tries to maintain the law and order .he/she must always pay tax to the government and does not try to evade tax, as it is a evil crime indeed. He/she must know that his own good is linked with the good of other. A good citizen should never favor the evil works like giving bribe to the government office worker for his/her own private work.

A Whole New Brushing Experience, Mon! :: Analyzing Crest’s Whitening Expressions Advertise

Analyzing Crest’s Whitening Expressions Advertisement What do palm trees, fresh citrus, and teeth have in common? Crest’s new Whitening Expressions in Fresh Citrus Breeze of course. In the January 2005 issue of Seventeen Magazine Crest debuted a new advertisement for their new line of Whitening Expressions toothpaste, which featured their Fresh Citrus Breeze flavor in gel form. From this advertisement it is easy for the viewer to see the emphasis Crest is placing on their new product: Whitening Expressions. When first introduced, toothpaste was a chalky mint flavored substance. Since then toothpaste has evolved into many other flavors and textures. When purchasing toothpaste there are not only one or two different brands, but there are several different brands and under that there are several different flavors and styles. In the advertisement Crest is introducing the newest member of its family, Whitening Expressions in three truly new flavors. Crest Whitening Expressions are a new spin on toothpaste, in Cinnamon Rush, Extreme Herbal Mint, and Fresh Citrus Breeze; Crest presents its customers with a new experience for their mouth. As well as flavor and texture evolution, the field of advertising has also evolved. Viewer expectations no longer just pertain to product, but also advertising for that product. Viewers expect a higher quality advertisement, and that is exactly what Crest presents its viewers with. High tech graphics, and brilliant ideas fill the page as Crest presents it’s viewer with a giant dollop of orange toothpaste as the focal point of the ad. Fresh Citrus Breeze, this is the giant squirt of gel in the center of the page, and inside of this blob of orange gel in a sort of snow globe effect appears a typical tropical scene with a palm tree, ocean tide and sailboat. Directly following the dollop of gel is a block of dual colored text that captions the picture above. The first sentence of the text is describing the product featured above, while the rest of the caption describes the other flavors available in the new Whitening Expressions. After the text the three flavors are presented in their different forms near then bottom of the page. The viewer now has seen all of the flavors and styles of the new product. The tropical setting gives this advertisement a new take on the emblematic mint paste.

Executing Strategies in a Global Environment Essay

Federal Express, known today as FedEx was developed by Fred Smith in 1973. Mr. Smith saw need for customer to receive packages sooner than 1-3 business days; this was the norm for express mail 40 years ago (Hill & Jones, 2013). Federal Express changed the structure of air cargo industry and improves on the overnight delivery service (Hill & Jones, 2013). In this paper, it will analyze value creation frontier of FedEx, determine which four building blocks will give competitive advantage to maintain profitability, its efficiency, and examine the overall competition the global industry (Hill & Jones, 2013). Analysis of Company’s Value Creation Frontier FedEx accomplished it value creation frontier with innovation. The founder saw that there was a need for faster and more reliable express delivery service. FedEx competitors offered 1-3 day deliveries shipments, but didn’t take into consideration residential customers or businesses that would need their shipments sooner. Mr. Smith saw this need, but it couldn’t be accomplished by sharing air space on commercial flights. On commercial flights passengers were first and the space that was left was divided amongst the competitors. For his vision to be achieved he needed his own fleet of cargo jets (Hill & Jones, 2013). Federal Express founder started with the higher end of competitive advantage which is differentiation. Mr. Smith invested $91 million dollars of venture capital plus $4 million dollar of inheritance funds, which he used to purchase an aircraft company in Little Rock, Arkansas. He started using the aircraft to deliver envelopes and small packages overnight within the United States (Ecommerce, n.d.). Mr. Smith didn’t give the official name Federal Express until 1973. He brought the operation closer to home, which was Memphis, Tennessee. The business was operating out of Memphis International Airport. By this time the company owned 14 Dassault Falcon Airplanes and he employed 400 workers (Ecommerce, n.d.). The next step for Federal Express was innovation. Mr. Smith launched a direct mail advertising promotion to increase the exposure of the company. With the government loosening the airline regulations, it made it permissible for federal Express to use bigger aircrafts such as Boeing 727s and take advantage of more flexible flight schedules (Ecommerce, n.d.). In 1979 Federal Express started using a centralized computer system  to track packages, routes, weather, vehicles, and employees. A short time after, a digitally assisted dispatch system was put in place for clients to electronically request pickups (Ecommerce, n.d.). For quality and excellence Federal Express understood the client’s expectation and started tailoring their service to fit those needs. For example; the bigger clients, they started housing merchandise to make shipments upon request. Federal Express held 43 percent of the delivery transportation market, in contrast to its rival UPS in the 1990’s (Ecommerce, n.d.). In order for Federal Express to maintain above average profitability, they should concentrate on two phases; which are efficiency and quality. Federal Express has five pillars for increasing profitability which are; making personnel functions and processes more efficient, update their air fleet, convert U.S. domestic network, increase international profits, and enlarge service offerings (Annual report, 2013). The focus for Federal Express is the customer. The customers’ requests are very important to the company’s strategy to operate focused systems which function independently, compete collectively, and are managed collaboratively. Because Federal Express unique model allows them to fine tune networks without compromising service to customers, their solution continue to be superior and they can act in response to marketplace changes quickly and efficiently (Annual reports, 2013). Maintaining Edge Rivals Product Differentiation Product differentiation is the development of designing products or services to satisfy the needs of the customers. Companies maintain a competitive edge over their rivals when it creates, makes, and sell products in the same industry (Hill & Jones, 2013). Federal Express has developed an express delivery service that is better than its rivals. Their service caters not only to big and small businesses, but also residential clients. Packages are getting to their destination faster, not just in the United States, but internationally. The ability to digitally track your package from first phase to the last phase of delivery give clients’ confidence that FedEx understand their needs and it builds trust (Hill & Jones, 2013). Capacity  Control Even though non-price competition helps established industries avoid cutthroat price cutting that reduces company and industry levels of profitability, price competition does occasionally occur when excess capacity exists in an industry (Hill & Jones, 2013). When a company like Federal Express cut prices rival companies will do the same thing out of fear the price cutter will be able to sell its complete inventory, while rivals will be left with surplus of goods. In so doing, this will lead to developing price wars (Hill & Jones, 2013). Federal Express would have to develop a strategy that would help them avoid this type of problem and stay ahead of its rivals. In most cases companies have two tactical choices; each can independently try to preempt its rivals and take hold of the initiative, or the companies must jointly find indirect means of coordinating with each other so that they are all aware of the shared effects of their actions (Hill & Jones, 2013). Business Model Efficiency Assessment Federal Express unique strategy works seamlessly and simultaneously on three levels. FedEx compete collectively by standing as one brand worldwide and speaking with one voice (http://www.about.van.fedex.com). The company operates independently by focusing on their independent networks to meet distinct customers’ needs and manage collaboratively by working together to sustain loyal relations with their employees, customers, and investors (http://www.about.van.fedex.com). Each division of FedEx has created its unique niche; yet work together as a whole. FedEx Corporation provides customers and businesses worldwide a broad portfolio of transportation, e-commerce, and business services. FedEx express invented express distribution and remains the industries global leader, providing rapid, reliable, and time-definite delivery to more than 220 countries and territories connecting markets that comprise more than 90 percent of the world’s gross domestic products within one to three business days (Investors, n.d.). There is still FedEx; ground, freight, and services. The different divisions have been established independently meeting the needs in today businesses, but work together in this vital industry to be  one voice (Investors, n.d.). FedEx also continues to stay ahead by quickly adapting to the changes in technology to provide better, faster service. This will cause clients to continually use their service and believe in their reliability. Impact of Global on New Business Strategy Federal Express is a well ran operation, which doesn’t need any change to the method of how it conducts business. The only suggestion that can be made is to improve on existing business strategy. FedEx is efficient on functions and processes of staff, having an efficient air fleet, and dominate in U.S. and international services. Just by strengthen of these strategies FedEx can be more profitable over a three year period (Investor, n.d.). Enacting numerous initiatives to improve their staffing efficiency and work processes, Federal Express would accomplish the streamlining of key processes to reduce the time and resources it would require (Investor, n.d.). Prioritizing important actions and remove or defer functions that have or become redundant due to technological, operational or market driven changes. Lately, generate greater efficiencies in the global sourcing program (Investor, n.d.). By FedEx up grading older aircraft with newer planes, there would be more cost-effective and fuel-efficient aircraft, the 757 and 767 programs will create a next-generation air fleet that to a large extent reduce their operating cost (Investors, n.d.). For example, based on a 750 nautical mile round trip, our trip costs will improve by: up to 20% for the B757 versus A310-200 and up to 30% for the B767 versus MD10-30 (Investors, n.d.). Applying new technology and processes will advance flight and crew scheduling. Adapting to pickup and delivery operations to maximize on road productivity will cause for quicker and reliable service (Investors, n.d.). Merging of facilities and stations will be more cost effective. Refining aircraft maintenance processes will improve fuel efficiency for their aircraft and vehicle fleet. Improvements like these can be done with no compromising the exceptional service quality their customers have come to expect (Investors, n.d.). With Federal Express expanding on their business; they capture growth from all parts of the global cargo market, including priority, economy, ocean and air forwarding, and critical inventory logistics focusing on (Investors, n.d.): Growing FedEx  International Priority and expanding FedEx international Transitioning FedEx International Economy shipments to third party line on certain lanes. Increasing freight forwarding and supply chain capabilities for new vertical like healthcare. Leveraging European expansion for greater densities and lower costs. With FedEx concentrating on delivering the solutions for the right customers at the right price, they will continue to strive for the right solutions in the market place. By so doing they may hold on to the majority of their annual rate increases, utilize the revenue management committee to optimize yield, market share, and profitability growth (Investors, n.d.). May have to drop less profitable accounts, and then develop on small to m edium customer base. Also leveraging residential revenue opportunities for their delivery managers, over time should allow for an even more dominate business (Investors, n.d.). Conclusion Federal Express has changed the face of the air cargo industry and overnight nights delivery service (Hill & Jones, 2013). The business model that FedEx put together for their company relied on the right strategy and the right people to implement the vision and the mission for the success of this company. When a business follows the strategy, makes adjustments as needed, is willing to take risk, and invest in technology; you have a formula for success.

Food Chemistry Quiz